PHYSICS 10 SCIENCE · 2026–27 · D · Comprehensive answers · QUESTION 14.4 · EM p. 87

Describe the structure of an optical fibre. Write any two advantages.

نوری ریشے کی ساخت بیان کریں اور کوئی دو فوائد لکھیں۔

Solution & explanation

Optical fibre: repeated total internal reflection within a higher index coreCladding: lower nCore: higher nTotal internal reflection at each core boundary; i > C
Schematic · not to scale

A transparent higher-index core is surrounded by lower-index cladding and a protective coating. Suitable rays are guided by total internal reflection. Advantages include high data capacity and resistance to electromagnetic interference; low attenuation over useful distances is another benefit.

Independent study answer. Original textbook ↗ · English-medium printed page 87.