PHYSICS 10 SCIENCE · 2026–27 · C · Constructed responses · QUESTION 11.3 · EM p. 31

Why is convection not possible in solids, and how do convection currents in liquids and gases compensate for their poor thermal conductivity?

ٹھوسوں میں حمل کیوں ممکن نہیں اور مائعات و گیسوں میں حملی دھارے ان کی ناقص حرارتی ایصال کی تلافی کیسے کرتے ہیں؟

Solution & explanation

Solid particles cannot flow as bulk parcels. Fluid parcels can move and carry energy over large distances, bypassing slow molecule-to-molecule conduction.

Independent study answer. Original textbook ↗ · English-medium printed page 31.